You could determine if HTTPS is working okay and if this behaviour of your Website continues even by using a “Pause” option at Cloudflare as follows from below?
Use the “Pause Cloudflare on Site” option from the Overview tab for your domain at dash.cloudflare.com .
The link is in the lower right corner of that page.
Give it five minutes to take effect, then make sure site is working as expected with HTTPS without any error
Check with your hosting provider / cPanel AutoSSL / Let’s Encrypt / ACME / Certbot and manually click to renew it
Only then, when your website responds over HTTPS, you should un-pause Cloudflare and double-check your SSL/TLS setting to make sure it’s Full (Strict).
Furthermore, could you try following the below suggestion?:
Navigate to the bottom of the SSL tab/page settings at Cloudflare dashboard
Click on the button “Disable Universal SSL” and wait for a five minutes
Click the same button again to Enable Universal SSL
This method usually reset the process of generating Universal SSL certificate