If you would like additional ports and protocols available (eg 587/smtp) you would need to look at using a product called spectrum which allows you do to this, but what your looking to do would require the Enterprise version of Spectrum - Protocols per plan · Cloudflare Spectrum docs
Another option would be to run your SMTP on a DNS record that is not proxied through Cloudflare (eg. smtp.warmy.io ) that is grey-clouded/dns-only.