The linked documentation is for Firewall Rules, not Workers. cf.client.bot can be part of a Firewall Rule expression, but that is separate from the Workers concept of request attributes. The list of request attributes we currently support is here: Request · Cloudflare Workers docs
Realize it’s a little old, though came here because I was looking at how to identify bot requests from a Worker or Page as well as I understand that CF has some information about at least the potentiality, right?
For anyone else who stumbles across this thread, you can add cf.client.bot to a request header using Transform Rules and simply read that in your Worker.