I don’t get why everything is fine when you bypass Cloudflare, but Chrome breaks when you use Cloudflare.
At this point, I would go to the Cloudflare Crypto page and click Disable Universal SSL at the bottom. Wait 5 minutes, then click Enable Universal SSL. I’m hoping it’s just a broken SSL certificate.
You should be able to do the above while still bypassing Cloudflare. Once you have an Active certificate again, re-enable Cloudflare.